Production of Fumarprotocetraric Acid from Cladonia verticillaris (Lichen) through Two Different Systems of Cell Immobilization Amaral1,2, F. M.; SILVA 2 , N. H. da; Martins2, M. C. B.; Pereira3, E. C.; Silva, M.P.C.2.
1Universidade de Pernambuco, 2Departamento de Bioquímica, 3Departamento de Ciências Geográficas / CFCH. Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife – PE.
Fumarprotocetraric acid (FUM) is a potential anti-inflammatory synthesized by C. verticillaris. Previous studies with this species showed a production of atranorin (ATR) in highest amount when the cells were submitted to a traditional immobilization system. In this work, this immobilization technique was compared to a new one, for verifying the optimization of bioproduction. The bioreactors with lichen cells were added to kaolinite and supplied with precursor sodium acetate (0.1; 1.0 and 10.0mM). The samples in the new system were placed in a rotator plate while the fix system, in glass columns, were kept under white light during all experiment. Aliquots were withdrown and acetate solution was added to mantain the same volume. Each fraction was extracted with two system solvents, analyzed in spectrophotometer and by chromatographic assays. The TLC was developed in the solvent systems A (toluene/dioxane/acetic acid) and B (hexane/ether/formic acid). The plates were visualized under UV short and long wavelengths, with posterior spray of H2SO4 and heated at 100oC. The results showed that the precursor at 0.1mM induced the cells to a highest productivity in both tested systems. In the movement one, the main production was registered at 7th day, for a substance extracted with diethyl ether/ethyl acetate, without any production after this day, while the substance extracted with chloroform/acetonitrile, was produced at the end of experiment, but in lowest amount. The experiments carried out with sodium acetate at 1.0 and 10.0 mM did not exhibited an expressive productivity in a content ten times less than at 0.1mM. In relation to bioproduction with cells maintained in the bioreactor with movement, the production was almost 100% superior to the fix system. The TLC assays showed that ATR was produced in highest amount than the FUM. This is a good result, since that ATR is a potent ant-inflammatory and shows no toxicity. Additional registered spots can be hypoprotocetraric (HYPO) acid and its aldehyde. These substances are intermediary in FUM biosynthesis and occur inside C. verticillaris thallus, but in low amount. Their detection in TLC assays can indicate an accumulation, due to the difficulty of FUM synthesis by a probably disruption of symbionts during the cell extraction procedures. The data obtained for fix system are in agreement with previous studies with C. verticillaris and the introduction of movement system indicates an optimization of bioproduction.
Support: UFPE/UPE/PIBIC/CNPq
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