XXXV Reunião Anual da SBBqResumoID:8428


Selection of microorganisms from Cerrado soil resistant to the herbicide haloxyfop


Santana B.G.; Bernardes L.A.; Campos P.F.; Kruger R.H.; Quirino B.F. and Noronha E.F.



Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília-DF.

*Corresponding author: barbara.gs@gmail.com


Agriculture is expanding in the Cerrado Biome and soybean production has dominated the landscape. The herbicide Verdict, active ingredient methyl-haloxyfop, has been used to control invasive monocot weeds. Methyl-haloxyfop acts as an inhibitor of the enzyme acetyl-CoA carboxylase, thus interfering with the biosynthesis of lipids. Little is known about how this herbicide is degraded in soil and its effects on soil microorganisms. To begin characterizing microorganisms that are resistant and/or able to degrade methyl-haloxyfop, a selection of bacteria and fungi was performed on agar-media supplemented with herbicide at different concentrations. Selection of bacteria was performed at 0.4% and 0.8% (v/v) verdict. Seven bacterial isolates which display halo formation at 0.2% verdict were identified. All seven bacterial isolates tested negative for Gram coloration. To start the characterization of these bacterial isolates, colony morphology was observed and the ability to utilize lactose was investigated. Taken together, results suggest that it is likely that at least four of the bacterial isolates are distinct. Given the presence of an aromatic structure, the methyl-haloxyfop molecule is expected to absorb at the ultraviolet region of the light spectrum. To obtain further evidence that halo formation is in fact due to methyl-haloxyfop degradation, the absorption spectrum of verdict was characterized and compared to the spectrum of the eluate obtained from halo regions. Results indicate that methyl-haloxyfop is being degraded. Herbicide resistance was also tested for fifteen Trichoderma harzianum isolates obtained from Cerrado soil. In this case the concentrations tested were 0,05, 0,1 and 0,2% (v/v). All isolates were able to grow on agar-medium containing 0,05 % of the herbicide, however growth inhibition was observed. Six isolates, ALL-24, ALL-38, ALL-42, ALL-43, ALL-47 and ALL-49 were more resistant and presented inhibition values ranging from 31 to 35%, with the fungi continuing to grow even after 96h. Values of growth inhibition were higher for 0,1 and 0,2% of the herbicide, but the isolates were able to grow on the medium. Major resistance was observed for the ALL-43 isolate with growth inhibition of 48% at 0,2% of the herbicide. These results showed that bacterial isolates have more tolerance to the herbicide than the filamentous fungi T. harzianum.