In Vitro and in Vivo Antioxidant Potential of Bidens pilosa
Kviecinski, M.R.1; Felipe, K.B.1; Wiese,L.P.L.1; Rossi, M.H.2; Wilhelm,D.F.3; Pedrosa, R.C.1
1Depto de Bioquímica, CCB-UFSC,SC; 2Centro de Sanidade Animal do Instituto Biológico de São Paulo,SP; 3Depto de Ecologia e Zoologia, CCB-UFSC,SC.
According to people from the south of Brazil, Amazonia, Cuba, Bahamas and others, Bidens pilosa (Asteraceae) has long history of utility in several body disorders; including inflammations for instance. In this study this plant was screened for its antioxidant potential because the inflammatory process can be explained in part by the generation of free radicals. The crude ethanol extract (CEE) and three of its fractions (chloroformic, ethyl acetate and methanolic) were primarily submitted to in vitro assays: DPPH, HO· scavenging activity and determination of the ability to protect against lipoperoxidation. Rutin (R) was used as a control. The flavonoidal content of each extract was estimated through a correlation established with the total polyphenols content determined using the Folin Ciocalteu method. In the sequence, the fractions considered most promising antioxidant ones were also tested in vivo using Balb/c mice (n=6, mean of weight=20 g) and CCl4 as stressor agent (150 µL/100 g b.w.) by the following determinations: GSH concentration, catalase activity and protection against lipoperoxidation in livers. All tested products exhibited antioxidant potential in vitro where the ethyl acetate fraction (EAF) was considered the most effective antioxidant extract at all performed in vitro tests followed by CEE. EAF, CEE and R presented IC50=32.3±6.7, 98.0±1.0 and 12.8±1 µg/mL at the DPPH assay; IC50=4.3±4.5, 14.2±13.2 and 1.4±0.2 µg/mL at the HO· scavenging activity assay and IC50=25.1±2.2, 110.5±4.4 and 10.4±0.1 µg/mL at the lipoperoxidation in vitro assay (TBARS), respectively. Coincidentally both, EAF and CCE (1 mg/mL) presented greater contents of polyphenols/L of solution in equivalents of the galic acid (3.6± 0.5 and 1.5±0.4 mg/L). CEE and EAF caused sensible level of protection against hepatic lipoperoxidation (EAF=134.8±9.2; CEE=132.4±12.0 and CG (162.2±11.6 nmol/g) and increase in the CAT activity (CEE=447.1±33.1; EAF= 517.6±117.9 and CG=341.6±44.3 mmol.min-1.g-1) when they were compared to the control group (CG). Neither EAF nor CEE were able to reestablish the GSH levels (EAF=1,7±0,5; CEE=2,1±0,4 and CG=2,1±0,6 mmol/g). Based on these data it is possible to suggest B.pilosa has antioxidant potential in vitro and in vivo and the effect can be related to the presence of polyphenolic constituents.
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