Characterization of digestive carbohydrases from the spider Nephilengys cruentata
Genta, F.A.1; Ferreira, C.1; Terra, W.R.1; Lopes, A.R.2
1Depto. Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, USP, São Paulo
2Instituto Butantan, São Paulo
drilopes@butantan.gov.br
Accidents involving different Arachnida species cause great problems to human health. It is not known if digestive fluids are or not involved in spider toxicity, because only their venom has been studied. We determined carbohydrases present in the regurgitate and hepatopancreas from the spider Nephilengys cruentata. In hepatopancreas, the following enzyme specific activities were determined with the indicated substrates: 1200 mU/mg (starch); 4 mU/mg (trehalose); 51 mU/mg (4-methylumbelliferyl-b-N',N'',N'''-triacetylchitotrioside, MUC3); 13 mU/mg (4-methylumbelliferyl-b-N'-acetylglucosamine, MUNAG); 0.4 mU/mg (4-methyl-umbelliferyl-a-glucoside, MUaGlu); 1.3 mU/mg (4-methyl-umbelliferyl-a-L-fucoside, MUaFuc). No activity were found by using the following substrates: 4-MU-b-D-cellotrioside, 4-MU-b-D-cellobioside, 4-MU-b-D-xiloside, 4-MU-b-D-mannopiranoside, 4-MU-a-D-mannopiranoside, 4-MU-b-D-lactoside, 4-MU-b-D-galactoside, 4-MU-b-D-fucoside, 4-MU-b-D-glicoside, 4-MU-a-D-galactoside, 4-MU-a-L-arabinoside, and 4-MU-a-L-arabinofuranoside. A single activity against each of the substrates were found in eluates after ion-exchange chromatography and gel filtration. The enzymes present both in regurgitate and hepatopancreas samples have the same molecular mass, Km and optimum pH, indicating that the hepatopancreas is the site of their secretion. We find the following optimum pH, Km and molecular mass, respectively, using as substrate: starch (7, 0.4%, 40 kDa); trehalose (6, 1.8mM, 61 kDa); MUC3 (6, 1mM, 39 kDa); MUNAG (6, 0.3mM, 85 kDa); MUaGlu (5.5, 0.48mM, 67 kDa); MUaFuc (5.5, 12mM, not determined). All enzymes followed simple Michaelis Menten kinetics, except chitinase, that is strongly inhibited by high substrate concentrations.
Supported by FAPESP and CNPq
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